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OECD is tackling today’s most challenging waste issue: promoting sustainable use of materials in order to reduce their negative environmental impacts and to encourage waste minimisation, while supporting economic development. Click here to find out the ways in which OECD is apprehending these challenges.
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30-Sep-2008
This study provides a summary of international initiatives that are relevant for Sustainable Materials Management, covering global and regional organisations, as well as business and industry associations, environmental NGOs and research organisations. A total of 67 initiatives have been identified at the international level that focus on reducing environmental impacts throughout the life-cycle of materials and bearing a relationship with waste and material policies, while taking into account economic efficiency and social equity.
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30-Sep-2008
This study provides an overview of ten methodologies used, directly or indirectly, to assess material use in terms of its potential impacts on the environment, benefits to society and value for the economy. The study aims to promote understanding of the strengths and limitations of these methodologies in promoting more sustainable management of materials. It presents an overview of each methodology according to its type and scope, points in the part of the life-cycle it covers and potential links to other methodologies in this study.
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05-Sep-2008
All waste, whether domestically generated or subject to export and import, should be managed in an environmentally sound manner to protect human health and the environment. To meet this objective and ensure fair competition between waste management enterprises throughout the OECD area, a Recommendation on ESM has been adopted by member countries. This Guidance Manual includes detailed explanation on some policy recommendations aimed at governments and on the criteria to be applied by waste management facilities to ensure a level playing field of high environmental standards. (Dec. 2007)
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21-Feb-2007
A broad OECD project has analysed the environmental effectiveness and economic efficiency of instrument mixes addressing selected environmental issues. In this connection, case studies of the instrument mixes addressing household waste have been prepared. This report discusses the preference given to incineration over landfilling in these two countries (and at the EU level), and points to a considerable overlap between the instruments applied in both countries.
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09-Jan-2007
Recycling markets are growing, but market failures and barriers are constraining some markets of secondary materials such as used oil, tyres and plastics. This report presents the case for the use of 'industrial' policies which address such market failures and barriers.
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15-May-2006
This report explores the costs and benefits of systems for charging householders for waste. The study looks only at charges which vary with the amount and characteristics of the waste collected, referred to in the report as differential and variable rate, or DVR, charging systems. The study uses a cost-benefit approach to attempt to draw out whether the balance of effects of such systems is positive or negative.
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01-Mar-2006
By placing responsibility for a product's end-of-life environmental impacts on the original producer, EPR policies are expected to enhance design changes to products. Design for Environment (DfE), while reducing waste management costs, should improve product recyclability and reusability, downsize products and reduce material usage. This report discusses the 'Design for the Environment' impacts of EPR policies and investigates the extent to which these policies can contribute to DfE improvements.
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